What are the most important branches of robotics?

 Important branches of robotics?

A robot is a combination of mechanical electrical and software things.
so for a robotics engineer, it is important to have knowledge in all these fields to provide an optimum robotics solution.

The 3 main sectors involved in robotics are
-Mechanical
-Electrical/electronics
-Software

To develop a robotics system .first we have to design a robot, which will include the physical and mechanical design of the robot. That is the mechanical design of the robot will define both the aesthetic and physical structure and strength of the robot.
For this most people will use CAD designing software like Auto-desk fusion 360, Auto-cad, or Solid Works.

Once the design is completed, this software has the capability to test the design in simulation for the rigidity, payload capacity, etc.

Then the next part is Mainly about electronics or mechatronics. At this level, the engineers will decide on the suitable motors and other electronics components required based on the mechanical design.
If the robot is meant to lift a particular amount of weight then the motor torque should match this requirement.
Next, we have to decide the controller, sensors, motor, motor drivers, battery, CPU, etc for the robot, and the electronics/embedded engineer will design the PCB /circuit board for the robot and write the firmware for controllers as per the requirement definition.
For the circuit/PCB design, most people will be using Auto desk Eagle, Proteus, etc.

Once the mechanical and electrical parts(together we can call it hardware ) are ready, the next stage is software-development.

So currently the robot is having mechanical parts, motors, sensors, and controllers ready in the hardware. Now to operate the robot we have to program the robot as per the requirements. 

The software stack will be understanding the state/Environment of the robot by using the data coming from sensors.
and based on these data and other requirement definitions the robot will move by using the motors.




So the flow will be like -->

 The software part will be getting data from micro-controllers that are connected to sensors. and once the data is there the Software in the CPU will process these data and make a decision, this decision data will send to the micro-controller and it will pass it to the motors to generate the motion required for the decision data.

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Read:

Locomotion in mobile robotics. 

What is mavros?.

RTAB 3D mapping

Robot Localization.

One-dimensional Kalman filter.

ROS services with custom message type.

Introduction to robotics. 

Different types of robots?

ROS : 5 Major advantages of using ROS.

Important branches of robotics?